It was part of an effort, I think, to inculcate Japanese ways of doing things on these colonised populations.” The exercise regimes were even used as a political tool and disseminated in Japan’s colonies, explains Professor Kerim Yasar: “It was exported to Taiwan and South Korea. Groups of friends would gather to exercise together and before long, stadiums were filled with fitness fanatics. Whereas in the States, the workouts were completed in solitude, or at most with family members, in Japan it was a much more communal affair.
The phrase ‘daily dozen’ soon worked its way into common parlance when referring to exercising, and these nifty workouts became so ubiquitous that the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company got behind them as a sponsor. These broadcast bursts of exercise, explains Donna, inaugurated morning workouts, as radio programmes had been largely aired at night until the early 20s. It was designed so even if you lived in an apartment, you could have 15 minutes of exercises … and go into the world feeling physically fit.” says Professor Donna Halper, who lectures in communication and media studies at Lesley University. “It was designed so you could do it in your home. Soon after, these workouts began being broadcast on the radio. When the soldiers came home, a fitness craze ensued and the workouts were monetised, with phonograph records of the exercises being made and sold. His solution was the ‘daily dozen’: twelve handy exercises to promote fitness and weight loss. Walter Camp, a fitness coach who is hailed as the ‘father of American football’, was called upon during World War One to keep the troops in shape.
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